The CAC formula
CAC = (marketing spend + sales spend + other acquisition costs) ÷ new customers won. Spend $8,000 on marketing and $4,000 on sales in a quarter, win 40 new customers, and each one cost $300 to acquire.
Use the same period for costs and customers. If people usually take a month or two to buy, a quarter gives a steadier figure than a single month.
CAC payback period
Payback months = CAC ÷ monthly gross profit per customer. A customer who pays $100 a month at a 75% gross margin leaves $75 a month. With a $300 CAC, they pay back what they cost to win in 4 months. Until then, growth uses cash rather than making it.
Without a gross margin, the calculator works the payback out on revenue and says so. That figure flatters you, because part of each payment goes on the cost of serving the customer.
Lifetime value and LTV:CAC
Lifetime value = monthly gross profit per customer ÷ monthly churn rate. If 3% of customers leave each month, the average customer stays about 33 months, and at $75 a month that is $2,500 of gross profit. Divided by the $300 CAC, that is an LTV:CAC of 8.3 : 1.
This simple formula assumes customers leave at a steady rate and ignores upgrades and price changes. Treat the result as a rough guide, and trust the payback period more when churn is still uncertain.